Bear Butte Gardens

Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) Resources

Overview of FSMA

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) is a U.S. law enacted in 2011 to strengthen food safety regulations and shift the focus from responding to foodborne illnesses to preventing them. It is administered by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and applies to farms, food processors, and other businesses involved in food production and distribution.

Key Aspects of FSMA

  1. Preventive Controls – Requires food facilities to create and implement Hazard Analysis and Risk-Based Preventive Controls (HARPC) to identify and reduce risks.
  2. Produce Safety Rule – Establishes science-based standards for growing, harvesting, packing, and storing fresh produce to minimize contamination risks.
  3. Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP) – Ensures that imported foods meet the same safety standards as domestically produced food.
  4. Intentional Adulteration Rule – Requires food facilities to protect against intentional contamination (e.g., food defense measures).
  5. Sanitary Transportation Rule – Establishes requirements for safe food transportation to prevent contamination during shipping.
  6. Mandatory Recalls & FDA Authority – Gives the FDA authority to issue mandatory recalls and suspend food facility registrations in case of serious violations.

Why Small-Scale and New Gardeners & Farmers Need to Know About FSMA

  1. Food Safety Affects Everyone – Whether you sell at farmers’ markets, participate in a CSA, or supply local stores, ensuring that your produce is free from contamination protects both your customers and your business reputation.
  2. FSMA Has Exemptions, But You May Still Be Affected – Some small farms are exempt from certain FSMA requirements, but understanding the rules will help you determine if you qualify for exemptions and what best practices you should follow.
  3. Regulations May Apply If You Grow, Pack, or Handle Produce – The FSMA Produce Safety Rule establishes science-based food safety standards for growing, harvesting, and handling fresh produce. If you plan to expand your farm or sell to wholesale buyers, FSMA compliance may become necessary.
  4. Buyers and Consumers Expect Safe Food Practices – Even if you are not legally required to follow FSMA rules, many customers, restaurants, and retailers prefer to buy from farms that follow food safety best practices.
  5. Grants, Certifications, and Future Growth – If you ever seek organic certification, food safety grants, or wish to expand your market reach, following FSMA guidelines can help prepare your farm for future opportunities.

What You Can Do


  • Learn About the FSMA Rules – Understanding the basics will help you determine which rules (if any) apply to your farm.
  • Adopt Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) – Even small farms should use food safety best practices like proper handwashing, clean water sources, and safe manure use.
  • Check If You Qualify for Exemptions – Many small farms qualify for exemptions based on sales and direct-to-consumer transactions.
  • Stay Informed – Regulations and requirements can evolve, so staying updated will help you avoid surprises as your farm grows.

By learning about FSMA now, you can ensure that your farm is producing safe, high-quality food while positioning yourself for long-term success.